DYEING of silks

DYEING of silks, is begun by boiling them in soap, &c. then scouring and washing them in water, and steeping them in cold alum-water. For crimson, they are scoured a second time, before they are put into the cochineal-vat. Red-crimson is given with pure cochineal, mastic, adding galls, turmeric, arsenic, and tartar, all mixed in a copper of fair water, almost boiling: with these the silk is to be boiled an hour and a half, after which it is allowed to stand in the liquor till next day. Violet-crimson is given with pure cochineal, arsenic, tartar, and galls; but the galls in less proportion than in the former: when taken out, it is washed and put in a vat of indigo. Cinnamon-crimson is begun like the violet, but finished by back-boiling; if too bright, with copperas; and if dark, with a dip of indigo. Light blues are given in a back of indigo. Sky-blues are begun with orchal, and finished with indigo. For citron colours, the silk is first alumed, then welded with indigo. Pale yellows, after aluming, are dyed in weld alone. Pale and brown aurora's, after aluming, are welded strongly, then taken down with rocou and dissolved with pot-ashes. Flame-colour is begun with rocou, then alumed, and afterwards dipped

ped in a vat or two of brazil. Carnation and rose colours are first alumed, then dipt in brazil. Cinnamon colour, after aluming, is dipt in brazil and braziletto. Lead colour is given with fustic, or with weld, braziletto, galls and copperas. Black silks of the coarser sort, are begun by scouring them with soap, as for other colours; after which they are washed out, wrung, and boiled an hour in old galls, where they are suffered to stand a day or two: then they are washed again with fair water, wrung, and put into another vat of new galls: afterwards washed again, and wrung, and finished in a vat of black. Fine black silks are only put once into galls of the new and fine sort, that has only boiled an hour: then the silks are washed, wrung out, and dipped thrice in black, and afterwards taken down by back-boiling with soap.

The dyeing of thread is begun by scouring it in a lye of good ashes: afterwards it is wrung, rinsed out in river water, and wrung again. A bright blue is given with braziletto and indigo: bright green is first dyed blue, then back-boiled with braziletto and verde-ter, and lastly woaded. A dark green is given like the former, only darkening more before woading. Lemon and pale yellow is given with weld mixed with rocou. Orange isabella, with fustic, weld, and rocou. Red, both bright and dark, with flame-colour, &c. are given with brazil, either alone, or with a mixture of rocou. Violet, dry-rose, and amaranth, are given with brazil, taken down with indigo. Feulemort and olive colour are given with galls and copperas taken down with weld, rocou, or fustic. Black is given with galls and copperas, taken down and finished with braziletto wood.