BONONIA, (anc. geog.), a town of Italy, in the Gallia Cispadana; a name probably given by the Gauls, there being a Bononia in Gallia Belgica. Its ancient name when in the hands of the Tuscan, who were expelled by the Gauls, was Falsina. In the 563rd year of the city the Romans led a colony thither; which, about the beginning of the Aetian war, was increased by Augustus, and is the Colonia Bononiensis of Tacitus. Now Bologna; which see.