FLORENCE, the capital of the duchy of Tuscany, and one of the finest cities in Italy. It is divided into two by the river Arno, over which are built several magnificent bridges. It is surrounded on all sides but one with high hills, which rise insensibly, and at last join with the lofty mountains called the Appennines. Towards Pisa, there is a vast plain of 40 miles in length; which is so filled with villages and pleasure-houses, that they seem to be a continuation of the suburbs of the city. The circumference about the walls is near six English statute-miles; and it contains about 9000 houses, great part of which are built uniformly of stone, and many of them surprisingly large and beautiful. According to some, the palaces of Florence are the best built of any in Italy. E. Long. 12. 24. N. Lat. 43. 34.