GRONINGEN, the most northerly of the Seven United Provinces, is bounded on the north by the German ocean; on the south, by the county of Drenthe; on the east by the bishopric of Munster, and the principality of East-Friesland; and on the west by the province of Friesland, from which it is parted by the river Lawers. Its greatest length from south-east to north-west is about 47 miles; but its breadth is very unequal, the greatest being about 33 miles. Here also are rich pastures, large herds of great and small cattle, plenty of sea and river fish, and of turf, with some forests and corn-land. There are several rivers in the province, of which the principal is the Hunsie; and a great number of canals and dykes. The states consist of the deputies of the town of Groningen, and the Ommeland, or circumjacent country; and hold their assemblies always in the town of Groningen. The province had anciently governors, under the title of burgraves; but their power being limited, the people enjoyed great privileges. Afterwards, it became subject to the bishop of Utrecht; but shook off his yoke at last, and recovered its liberty. In 1536 it submitted to Charles V. and in 1579 acceded to the union of Utrecht. The colleges are much the same here as in the other provinces, viz. the provincial states, council of state, provincial tribunal, and chamber of accounts. Six deputies are sent from hence to the states-general. Of the established clergy there are 160 ministers, which form seven classes, whose annual synod is held, by turns, at Groningen and Appingedam.