KING (Dr William), archbishop of Dublin in the 18th century, was descended from an ancient family in the north of Scotland, but born in the county of Antrim in the north of Ireland. In 1674, he went into priests orders. In 1679, he was promoted by his patron, Dr Parker, archbishop of Dublin, to the chancellorship of St Patrick. In 1687, Peter Manby, dean of Londonderry, having published at London in 4to, a pamphlet intitled Considerations which obliged Peter Manby dean of Londonderry to embrace the Catholic religion, our author immediately wrote an answer. Mr Manby, encouraged by the court, and assisted by the most learned champions of the church of Rome, published a reply under this title, A reformed catechism, in two dialogues concerning the English reformation, &c. in reply to Mr King's answer, &c. Our author soon rejoined in A vindication of the answer. Mr Manby dropped the controversy; but dispersed a loose sheet of paper, artfully written, with this title, A letter to a friend, shewing the vanity of this opinion, that every man's sense and reason are to guide him in matters of faith. This Dr King refuted in "A vindication of the Christian religion and reformation, against the attempts of a letter, &c." In 1689, he was twice confined in the tower by order of king James II. and the same year commenced doctor of divinity. In 1690, upon king's James's retreat to France after the battle at the Boyne, he was advanced to the see of Derry. In 1692, he published at London in 4to, The state of the protestants of Ireland under the late king James's government, &c. "A history, (says bishop Burnet,) as truly as it is finely written." He had by him at his death attested vouchers of every particular fact alleged in this book, which are now in the hands of his relations. However, it was soon attacked by Mr Charles Lesly. In 1693, our author finding the great number of Protestant dissenters, in his diocese of Derry, increased by a vast addition of colonies from Scotland, in order to persuade them to conformity to the established church, published A discourse concerning the inventions of men in the worship of God. Mr Joseph Boyse, a dissenting minister, wrote an answer. The bishop answered Mr Boyse. The latter replied. The bishop rejoined. In 1702, he published at Dublin in 4to, his celebrated treatise De origine mali. Mr Edmund Law, M. A. fellow of Christ's-college in Cambridge, afterward published a complete translation of this, with very valuable notes, in 4to. In the second edition he has inserted, by way of notes, a large collection of the author's papers on the same subject, which he had received from his relations after the publication of the former edition. Our author, in this excellent treatise, has many curious observations. He asserts and proves, that there is more moral good in the earth than moral evil. A sermon by our author, preached at Dublin in 1709, was published under the title of Divine predestination and foreknowledge consistent with the freedom of man's will. This was attacked by Anthony Collins, esq; in a
pamphlet intitled, "A vindication of the divine attributes; in some remarks on the archbishop of Dublin's sermon intitled, Divine predestination, &c." He published likewise, A discourse concerning the consecration of churches; shewing what is meant by dedicating them, with the grounds of that office. He died in 1729.