PODOLIA, a province of Poland, bounded on the east by Volhnia and the river Ukrain; on the north and north-east, by Budſac Tarty; on the south-east, by the river Niester, which separates it from Bessarabia and Moldavia in European Turkey on the south-west; and by the province of Red Russia, on the north-west. It is usually divided into the Upper and Lower: in the Upper, which is the western part, the chief town is Kamieck, the capital of Podolia, and of a palatinate. In the Lower, or eastern part of Podolia, the chief town is Brackow, the capital of a palatinate.