SALTSBURG, the capital of a German archbishopric of the same name, and which takes its own from the river Salza, on which it stands, and over which it has a bridge. It is well fortified, and the residence of the archbishop. The castle here is very strong, and as strongly garrisoned, and well provided with provisions and warlike stores. The archbishop's palace is magnificent; and in the area before it is a fountain, esteemed the largest and grandest in Germany. The stables are very lofty; and the number of the horses usually kept by the archbishop, is said to be upwards of 200. The city, of which one part stands on a steep rock, is well built, but the streets are narrow and badly paved. Besides the abovementioned, there are two other stately palaces belonging to the archbishop, one of which is called the Neubau, and the other Misrabella. The latter of these has a very beautiful garden; and the number of trees in the orangery is so great, that Mr Keyser tells us, 20,000 oranges have been gathered from them in one year. The river Salza runs close by the walls of this garden. There are a great many other fine structures in the city, public and private, such as palaces, monasteries, hospitals, and churches. In the cathedral dedicated to St Rupert, (the apostle of Bavaria, and a Scotsman by birth,) all the altars are of marble of different kinds, and one of the organs has above 3200 pipes. The winter and summer riding-schools here are noble structures. The university was founded in 1620, and committed to the
care of the Benedictines. Besides it, there are two colleges, in which the young noblemen are educated. E. Long. 33. o. N. Lat. 47. 45.