ANTIOCHIA (anc. geog.), a town of Assyria, situated between the rivers Tigris and Tormadotus (Pliny).—Another of Caria, on the Meander; called also Pythopolis, Athymbra, and Nissa, or Nysa (Stephanus): but Strabo says, that Nysa was near Tralles.—A third of Cilicia Trachea, on mount Cragus (Ptolemy).—A fourth, called Epidaphnes, the capital of Syria, distinguished from cities of the same name, either by its situation on the Orontes, by which it was divided, or by its proximity to Daphne (See ANTIOCH).—A fifth Antiochia, a town of Comagene, on the Euphrates (Pliny).—A sixth, of Lydia Tralles, so called (Pliny).—A seventh, of Margiana (Strabo, Pliny, Ptolemy), on the river Margus, taking its name from Antiochus, son of Seleucus, who rebuilt it, and walled it round, being before called Alexandria, from Alexander the founder, and furnished Syria; in compass seventy stadia; whither Orosus carried the Romans, after the defeat of Crassus (Pliny).—An eighth, in Mesopotamia, on the lake Calirrhoe, the old name of Edessa (Pliny).—A ninth Antiochia, on the river Mygdonius, in Mesopotamia, situate at the foot of mount Mafius, and is the same with Nisibis (Strabo, Plutarch). It was the bulwark and frontier town of the Romans against the Parthians and Persians, till given up to the Persians, by Jovinian, by an ignominious peace (Ammian, Eutropius).—A tenth Antiochia, was that situate in the north of Pisidia (Luke, Ptolemy, Strabo): it was a Roman colony, with the appellation, Cæsarea. There is an Antiochia at mount Taurus, mentioned by Ptolemy, but by no other author.