CALLUS, or CALLOSITY, in a general sense, any cutaneous, corneous, or osseous hardness, whether natural or preternatural; but most frequently it means the callus generated about the edges of a fracture, provided by nature to preserve the fractured bones, or divided parts, in the situation in which they are replaced by the surgeon. A callus, in this last sense, is a sort of jelly, or liquid viscous matter, that sweats out from the small arteries and bony fibres of the divided parts, and fills up the chinks or cavities between them. It first appears of a cartilaginous substance; but at length becomes quite bony, and joins the fractured part so firmly together, that the limb will often make greater resistance to any external violence with this part than with those which were never broken.
Calmucks Benedictines in 1688. Among the many works he published are, 1. A literal exposition, in French, of all the books in the Old Testament, in nine volumes folio. 2. An historical, critical, chronological, geographical, and literal, dictionary of the Bible, in four vols folio, enriched with a great number of figures of Jewish antiquities. 3. A civil and ecclesiastical history of Lorraine, three vols folio. 4. A history of the Old and New Testament, and of the Jews, in two volumes folio, and seven vols duodecimo. 5. An universal sacred and profane history, in several volumes quarto. He died in 1757.