FOREST, in geography, a huge wood; or, a large extent of ground covered with trees. The word is formed of the Latin forſus, which first occurs in the capitulars of Charlemagne, and which itself is derived from the German forſt, signifying the same thing. Spelman derives it from the Latin forſt reſtat, by reason forests are out of towns. Others derive forſta from feris, q. d. Forſta, quoad ſit tuta ſtatio ferarum, as being a safe station or abode for wild beasts.
The Caledonian and Hercynian forests are famous in history. The first was a celebrated retreat of the ancient Picts and Scots: The latter anciently occupied the greatest part of Europe; particularly Germany, Poland, Hungary, &c. In Cæſar's time it extended from the borders of Alſatia and Switzerland to Tranſylvania; and was computed 60 days journey long, and 9 broad: some parts or cantons thereof are still remaining.
The ancients adored forests, and imagined a great part of their gods to reside therein: temples were frequently built in the thickest forests; the gloom and silence whereof naturally inspire sentiments of devotion, and turn mens thoughts within themselves.
For the like reason, the Druids made forests the place of their residence, performed their sacrifices, instructed their youth, and gave laws therein.