EMOLUMENT, is properly applied to the profits
arising daily from an office or employ. The word is
formed of the Latin emolumentum, which, according to
some, primarily signifies the profits redounding to the
miller from his mill; of molo, molere, "to grind."—
The patent, or other instrument, whereby a person is
preferred to an office, gives him a right to enjoy all the
duties, honours, profits, and emoluments belonging
thereto.—Emolument is also used, in a somewhat greater
latitude, for profit or advantage in the general.
EMOTION and PASSION, in the human mind, are
thus distinguished by a celebrated writer*. An inter-
nal motion or agitation of the mind, when it passeth
away without desire, is denominated an emotion; when
desire follows, the motion or agitation is denominated
a passion. A fine face, for example, raiseth in me a
pleasant feeling: if that feeling vanish without produc-
ing any effect, it is in proper language an emotion; but
if the feeling, by reiterated views of the object, be-
comes sufficiently strong to occasion desire, it loses its
name of emotion, and acquires that of passion. The
same holds in all the other passions. The painful feeling
raiseth in a spectator by a slight injury done to a
stranger, being accompanied with no desire of revenge,
is termed an emotion; but that injury raiseth in the
stranger a stronger emotion, which being accompanied
with desire of revenge, is a passion. External expres-
sions of distress produce in the spectator a painful feel-
ing, which being sometimes so slight as to pass away
without any effect, is an emotion; but if the feeling
be so strong as to prompt desire of affording relief, it
is a passion, and is termed pity. Envy is emulation in
excess: if the exaltation of a competitor be barely
disagreeable, the painful feeling is an emotion; if it
produce desire to depress him, it is a passion. See
PASSION.