MICROSCOPE.

PLATE CCCCXXXVII.

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1: Detailed view of microscope components including the main body, objective lenses, eyepiece, and various adjustment knobs and a stage.

This figure shows the main body of a microscope with labels A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, K, L, M, N, Q, R, S, T, V. It includes a long objective lens (L), an eyepiece (S), a stage (M), and various adjustment knobs and a stage (V).

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2: A complete microscope mounted on a decorative stand with a mirror and a base.

This figure shows a complete microscope mounted on a decorative stand (A) with a mirror (G) and a base (B).

Fig. 7.

Fig. 7: A pair of forceps or scissors with multiple blades and a central handle.

This figure shows a pair of forceps or scissors with multiple blades (d, e, f) and a central handle.

Fig. 3.

Fig. 3: A small instrument with a handle and a vertical rod, possibly a probe or a small microscope component.

This figure shows a small instrument with a handle (V) and a vertical rod (G, H, I, K, L, M, N, O, S).

Fig. 4.

Fig. 4: A large microscope mounted on a wooden base with a mirror and various adjustment knobs.

This figure shows a large microscope mounted on a wooden base (R) with a mirror (H) and various adjustment knobs (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, I, L, M, N, O, S).

Fig. 5.

Fig. 5: A small microscope or instrument mounted on a base with a mirror and various adjustment knobs.

This figure shows a small microscope or instrument mounted on a base (G, F) with a mirror (H) and various adjustment knobs (A, B, C, D, E, I, K, L, M, N, O, S).

Fig. 6.

Fig. 6: A cylindrical container or holder with internal compartments and a central rod.

This figure shows a cylindrical container or holder with internal compartments (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H) and a central rod.

Small components including a lens, a knob, and a plate.

This figure shows small components including a lens (G), a knob (N), and a plate (M).

A blank, aged page with a light beige background, showing significant water damage and staining, particularly along the right edge and bottom.This image shows a single, blank page of aged paper. The paper has a light beige or cream-colored tint. It is heavily marked with water damage, including large, irregular brown stains and smaller, scattered spots. These stains are most prominent along the right edge and the bottom of the page, suggesting it was exposed to moisture. There is no text, handwriting, or printed content on the page.
Fig. 9.
Fig. 9: A scientific instrument, possibly a microscope or a specialized lamp, featuring a circular platform (B) with a central hole (G) and a curved arm (X) with a ring (L) and a small hook (R). It is mounted on a wooden base (D) with a central pedestal (O) and a small mirror (E) attached to the side.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 5: A small, portable scientific instrument, possibly a lens or a small lamp, consisting of a cylindrical body (A) with a lens (D) at the bottom, mounted on a small stand (F).
Fig. 10.
Fig. 10: A large, ornate microscope with a tall eyepiece (A, B, M, L) and a complex base (G) with multiple adjustment knobs (C, D, E, F, H, I, K, N).
Fig. 11.
Fig. 11: A large, detailed scientific instrument, likely a microscope, with a tall vertical column (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y) and a base (K). It includes various adjustment knobs, a mirror (O), and a small lens (D).
Fig. 12.
Fig. 12: A smaller microscope with a vertical column (A, B, D, E, K, I, L, M, O, Q, R, S) and a base (C, G, H). It includes a mirror (O) and a small lens (D).
A blank, aged, cream-colored page with visible water damage and discoloration.This image shows a single, blank page of aged paper. The paper has a warm, cream-colored tone and exhibits significant signs of aging, including numerous small brown spots (foxing) and larger, irregular water stains that create a mottled appearance. There is no text, handwriting, or printed content on the page.
Fig. 12.
Fig. 14.
Fig. 12: A small diagram showing a lens (labeled 's') mounted on a bracket (labeled 'r') attached to a vertical rod (labeled 'k').
Fig. 14: A collection of microscope components including a stage (labeled 'y'), a condenser lens (labeled 'h'), a stage clip (labeled 'k'), and several circular lenses (labeled 'f', 'g', 'i').
Fig. 14 (continued): Three horizontal rods (labeled 'n', 'o', 'p') with circular apertures, likely for light filters or illumination.
Fig. 20: A large, detailed drawing of a microscope's main body. It features a vertical column (labeled 'l') with a stage (labeled 'y') at the top, a base (labeled 'm'), and various adjustment knobs and levers (labeled 'x', 'w', 't').
Fig. 14 (continued): Additional components including a long vertical rod (labeled 'b') with a ring (labeled 'd'), and several small conical and bowl-shaped pieces (labeled 'q', 'r', 's', 'u', 'v', 'w').
Fig. 16.
Fig. 17.
Fig. 16: A detailed view of a microscope's objective lens assembly, showing the lens (labeled 'a') and its mounting mechanism (labeled 'b', 'c', 'd').
Fig. 17: A detailed view of a microscope's eyepiece assembly, showing the eyepiece (labeled 'a') and its mounting mechanism (labeled 'b', 'c', 'd').
Fig. 20.
Fig. 20 (continued): Two circular lenses (labeled 'a', 'b') with different patterns, likely for light filters.
Fig. 18.
Fig. 19.
Fig. 18 (continued): Two circular lenses (labeled 'c', 'd') with different patterns, likely for light filters.
Fig. 18: A long, cylindrical tube (labeled 'k') representing the main body of the microscope.
Fig. 19: A vertical section of the microscope's body, showing internal components and their arrangement (labeled 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k').
Fig. 19.
Fig. 19 (continued): A long, cylindrical tube (labeled 'k') representing the main body of the microscope.
A blank, aged page with significant water damage and staining.This image shows a single, blank page of aged paper. The paper has a warm, yellowish-beige tone, characteristic of old documents. It is heavily marked by water damage, including large, irregular brown stains and numerous smaller spots scattered across the surface. These stains appear to be from liquid damage, possibly water or moisture, which has seeped into the paper over time. There is no text, handwriting, or printed content on the page.
Fig. 21.
Fig. 21: A detailed technical drawing of a microscope component, likely a stage or base. It features a vertical support with a horizontal arm extending to the left. Various parts are labeled with letters: '23' at the top of the vertical support, 'I' and 'J' on the arm, 'K' and 'L' on the vertical support, 'C' and 'D' on the horizontal arm, 'E' at the end of the arm, and 'F' for a small detached part below.
Fig. 25.
Fig. 25: A technical drawing of a microscope's eyepiece or objective lens assembly. It consists of a cylindrical body with a lens at the front. Labels include 'Y' at the top, 'O' at the top right, 'R' at the side, and 'P' at the bottom right.
Fig. 22.
Fig. 22: A technical drawing of a microscope slide or stage. It is a long, thin rectangular piece with three distinct sections, each containing a different pattern or drawing. The letter 'X' is centered above the slide.
Fig. 23.
Fig. 23: A technical drawing of a microscope's objective lens or a similar optical component. It is a cylindrical body with various internal and external parts labeled with letters: 'X', 'A', 'L', 'Q', 'M', 'C', 'G' along the top edge, and 'R', 'N', 'F', 'D', 'H' along the bottom edge.
A technical drawing of a microscope's stage or a similar flat component. It is a long, thin rectangular piece with several small circular features along its length. The letter 'O' is at the right end.
A large technical drawing of a microscope's main body and arm. The arm is angled upwards and to the right. The base is a flat rectangular plate. Various parts are labeled with letters: 'I', 'A', 'N' at the top of the arm, 'R', 'Q' on the side of the arm, 'X' at the base, 'L' on the base, and 'H' on the base. To the right of the main body are two small circular knobs labeled 'P' and 'Q'.
Fig. 24.
Fig. 24: A technical drawing of a microscope's objective lens assembly. It shows a cylindrical body with a lens at the front. Various parts are labeled with letters: 'H', 'I', 'V', 'X' at the top, 'S', 'F', 'A' on the side, 'T', 'G', 'K', 'L' at the bottom, and 'R' at the side. Below the main body is a long, thin rectangular piece with several small circular features, labeled 'P' and 'Q'.
A large technical drawing of a microscope's base and arm. The arm is angled upwards and to the left. The base is a flat rectangular plate. Various parts are labeled with letters: 'O' at the top of the arm, 'R', 'Q' on the side of the arm, 'X' at the base, 'L' on the base, and 'H' on the base. To the left of the main body is a small circular knob labeled 'T'.
A blank, aged, cream-colored page with significant water damage and staining.This image shows a single, blank page of aged paper. The paper has a warm, cream-colored tone and a slightly textured surface. It is heavily marked by water damage, including large, irregular brown stains and smaller, more numerous spots scattered across the entire surface. The stains appear to be from liquid that has seeped through the paper, possibly from a previous page or a spill. There is no text, handwriting, or printed content on the page.

MICROSCOPE.

PLATE CCCXLI.

Fig. 26.

A detailed illustration of a large, complex microscope mounted on a tripod stand. The microscope has a long objective tube (A) with a lens (B) at the end. The eyepiece (C) is mounted on a vertical arm (D) with a lens (E). The stand (G) is a tripod base. Various parts are labeled with letters: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, V, X, Y, Z.

Fig. 29.

An illustration of a microscope stand with a vertical column and a horizontal arm. A cylindrical object, possibly a lens or a component of the microscope, is attached to the side of the arm.

Fig. 27.

A small, circular component, likely a lens or a part of the microscope's eyepiece.

Fig. 28.

A small, detailed illustration of a microscope component, possibly a stage or a part of the objective tube, with various parts labeled with letters.

Fig. 30.

An illustration of a microscope mounted on a base (A) with a stage (B). The objective tube (C) is mounted on a vertical arm (D). The stand (G) is a tripod base. Various parts are labeled with letters: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, V, X, Y, Z.
An illustration of a microscope component, possibly a stage or a part of the objective tube, with various parts labeled with letters.
An illustration of a microscope component, possibly a stage or a part of the objective tube, with various parts labeled with letters.
An illustration of a microscope component, possibly a stage or a part of the objective tube, with various parts labeled with letters.
An illustration of a microscope component, possibly a stage or a part of the objective tube, with various parts labeled with letters.

Fig. 31.

An illustration of a microscope component, possibly a stage or a part of the objective tube, with various parts labeled with letters.
A blank, aged page with significant water damage and staining.This image shows a single, blank page of aged paper. The paper has a warm, yellowish-beige tone, characteristic of old documents. It is heavily marked by water damage, including large, irregular brown stains and smaller, more scattered spots. These stains are most prominent in the center and lower half of the page, creating a mottled appearance. There is no text, handwriting, or printed content on the page.
Fig. 32.
Fig. 32: A detailed illustration of a segmented, worm-like organism, possibly a larva or a specialized insect, shown in a curved position. It has numerous small, hair-like bristles along its body and a large, star-shaped, radiating structure at its posterior end. Small numbers 1 through 14 are placed along its body segments.
A small square scale bar with a grid pattern, used for size reference in the illustration.
Fig. 33. Fig. 32.
Fig. 33: A rectangular area showing a microscopic view of a surface with a regular pattern of small, circular or oval-shaped pits or depressions.
A small square scale bar with a grid pattern, used for size reference in the illustration.
Fig. 35.
Fig. 35: A rectangular area showing a microscopic view of a surface with a regular pattern of small, rectangular or square-shaped pits or depressions.
Fig. 36.
Fig. 36: A small, elongated, segmented structure, possibly a larval head or a specialized appendage, shown in a curved position.
Fig. 37.
Fig. 37: A small, elongated, segmented structure, similar to Fig. 36, shown in a curved position.
Fig. 39.
Fig. 39: A small, detailed illustration of a bee or wasp, shown from a dorsal view.
Fig. 40.
Fig. 40: A large, detailed illustration of a bee or wasp, shown from a dorsal view. It has large, patterned wings, a segmented thorax, and a segmented abdomen. The body is covered in fine hairs.
Fig. 41.
Fig. 41: A small, detailed illustration of a bee or wasp, shown from a lateral view.
Fig. 34.
Fig. 34: A curved, segmented structure, possibly a larval head or a specialized appendage, shown in a curved position.

THE HISTORY OF THE
CITY OF NEW YORK

BY JOHN R. LOWELL, M.A.
AND OTHERS.

Faint rectangular stamp or seal in the upper left quadrant.A faint, rectangular stamp or seal is located in the upper left quadrant of the page. It appears to be a library or archival mark, possibly from the New York Public Library, though the text is illegible due to fading.
Faint rectangular stamp or seal in the lower left quadrant.A faint, rectangular stamp or seal is located in the lower left quadrant of the page. Like the one in the upper left, it is mostly illegible but seems to be a library or archival mark.
Large, faint, vertical rectangular stamp or seal in the center of the page.A large, faint, vertical rectangular stamp or seal is centered on the page. It has a decorative border and contains text that is too faded to be read. It appears to be a library or archival mark.
Faint rectangular stamp or seal in the upper right quadrant.A faint, rectangular stamp or seal is located in the upper right quadrant of the page. It is mostly illegible but appears to be a library or archival mark.
Faint rectangular stamp or seal in the lower right quadrant.A faint, rectangular stamp or seal is located in the lower right quadrant of the page. It is mostly illegible but appears to be a library or archival mark.
Fig. 54.
Anatomical diagram of a plant's vascular system, showing the intricate network of xylem and phloem vessels. Various parts are labeled with letters A through T.
Fig. 42.
A detailed dorsal view of a crayfish, showing its segmented body, large claws, and six pairs of legs.
Fig. 43.
A lateral view of a grasshopper, showing its long body, wings, and antennae.
Fig. 44.
A close-up of a grasshopper's hind leg, showing the long hind tibia and the pointed hind tarsus.
Fig. 45.
A dorsal view of a beetle with a dark, patterned elytra. A small inset shows a magnified view of the head and antennae.
Fig. 43.
A dorsal view of a large, complex insect, possibly a cicadid, with long antennae and intricate wing venation. A small inset shows a magnified view of the head.
Fig. 53.
Fig. 52.
Anatomical diagram of a plant's vascular system, showing the intricate network of vessels. Various parts are labeled with letters A through M.
Fig. 51.
Fig. 52.
A detailed anatomical drawing of a plant's vascular system, showing the intricate network of vessels. It is labeled with numbers 2 through 12 on both sides. The word 'Image' is written vertically on the right side.
Fig. 47.
A dorsal view of a beetle, showing its segmented body and elytra. A small inset shows a magnified view of the head.
Fig. 48.
Fig. 49.
Division 1.
A detailed anatomical drawing of a plant's vascular system, showing the intricate network of vessels. It is labeled with numbers 2 through 12 on both sides. The word 'Image' is written vertically on the right side. The word 'Division 1' is written vertically on the left side.
A. Wilson Engr.
A blank, aged page with a light beige background, showing significant water damage and staining. The stains are irregular, brownish-orange, and scattered across the surface, with some larger, more diffuse areas of discoloration. The texture of the paper appears slightly rough and weathered.This image shows a single, blank page of aged paper. The paper has a warm, light beige or cream-colored tone. It is heavily marked by water damage, which appears as numerous irregular, brownish-orange stains of varying sizes. These stains are scattered across the entire surface, with some larger, more diffuse areas of discoloration, particularly towards the top and bottom. The texture of the paper looks slightly rough and weathered, consistent with its age. There is no text, handwriting, or printed content on the page.
Fig. 55.
Fig. 55: A detailed illustration of a fan-shaped, ribbed object, possibly a shell or a leaf, with a central, darker, irregularly shaped structure at the top.
Fig. 57.
Fig. 57: A circular object with a hexagonal, honeycomb-like pattern of raised cells.
Fig. 57 (continued): A small circular object with a central dot, labeled 'b'.
Fig. 57 (continued): A long, thin, tapered object with a textured surface, labeled 'c'.
Fig. 59.
Fig. 59: A large, coiled, segmented object, possibly a larva or a worm, with a textured surface and a small, pointed structure at the top.
Fig. 59 (continued): A small circular object with a central dot, labeled 'a'.
Fig. 56.
Fig. 56: A large, elongated, oval-shaped object with a complex, reticulated pattern of veins, resembling a leaf or a wing.
Fig. 58.
Fig. 58: A circular object with a fine, grid-like pattern of lines.
Fig. 58 (continued): A small circular object with a central dot, labeled 'e'.
Fig. 58 (continued): A small, elongated, tapered object with a textured surface, labeled 'f'.
Fig. 58 (continued): A small, elongated, tapered object with a textured surface, labeled 'g'.
Fig. 58 (continued): A small circular object with a central dot and three dots below it, labeled 'h'.

MICROSCOPIC OBJECTS.

PLATE CCCXLV.

Fig. 62.

Fig. 62: A small circular inset showing a cross-section of a shell with radiating lines, labeled 'h' below it.

Fig. 65.

Fig. 65: A large, fan-shaped object with numerous radiating lines, possibly a shell or a piece of wood, shown in perspective.

Fig. 64.

Fig. 64: A small circular inset showing a cross-section of a shell with radiating lines, labeled 'l' below it.
Fig. 63: A large, fan-shaped object with radiating lines, similar to Fig. 65, but with a different texture or pattern.

Fig. 66.

Fig. 66: A small rectangular inset showing a cross-section of a shell with radiating lines, labeled 'h' above it.
Fig. 66: A large, fan-shaped object with radiating lines, similar to Fig. 65, but with a different texture or pattern.

Fig. 63.

Fig. 63: A small circular inset showing a cross-section of a shell with radiating lines, labeled 'g' below it.
Fig. 60: A large circular object with a pattern of small circles or dots, possibly a microscopic view of a surface.

Fig. 60.

Fig. 60: A small circular inset showing a cross-section of a shell with radiating lines, labeled 'f' below it.

Fig. 66.

Fig. 66: A small circular inset showing a cross-section of a shell with radiating lines, labeled 'l' below it.
Fig. 66: A large, diamond-shaped object with a pattern of small circles or dots, similar to Fig. 60.
Fig. 63: Two vertical objects, labeled 'C' and 'B', showing different shapes and textures.
Fig. 60: A large, fan-shaped object with radiating lines, similar to Fig. 65, but with a different texture or pattern. It has labels 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'b', 'c', 'a' along its edges.
Fig. 66: Two vertical objects, labeled 'D' and 'E', showing different shapes and textures.