NAVARRE, Martin, surnamed Azpileuca, because he was born in the kingdom which bears that name, successively professor of jurisprudence at Toulouse, Salamanca, and Coimbra, was consulted from all quarters as the oracle of law. For a part of his knowledge he was indebted to the schools of Cahors and Toulouse, in which he had studied. His friend Bartholemi Carreza, a Dominican, and archbishop of Toledo, having been charged with heresy by the court of inquisition at Rome, Navarre set out at the age of 80 years to defend him. Pius V. appointed him assessor to Cardinal Francis Alciat, vice-penitentiary. Gregory XIII. never passed his gate without sending for him, and sometimes would converse with him for an hour together on the street: he even deigned to visit him, accompanied by several cardinals. These honours did not render him more haughty. His character became so eminent, that even in his own time the greatest encomium that could be paid to a man of learning was to say that he was a Navarre: this name thus included the idea of erudition, as that of Roscius formerly marked an accomplished comedian. Azpileuca was the oracle of the city of Rome, and of the whole Christian world. For the influence which he had acquired, he was indebted not only to his knowledge, but also to his probity and virtue. Faithful to the duties which the church prescribed, his temperance and frugality preserved to him a vigorous constitution; and at a very advanced age his genius was equal to the severest study. His savings enabled him to give liberal assistance to the poor. His charities, indeed, were so great, that his mule, it is said, would stop as soon as she perceived a beggar. He died at Rome in 1586, at the age of 92. His works were collected and printed in 6 vols. folio at Lyons in 1597, and at Venice in 1602. They displayed more learning than judgement, and are now very seldom consulted. Navarre was uncle by the mother's side to St Francis of Sales. See SALES.