HOLINESS, is also a title of quality attributed to the pope; as that of majesty is to kings. Even kings, when writing to the pope, address him under the venerable
appellation of Your Holiness, or Holy Father; in Latin, Sanctissime or Beatissime Pater. Anciently the same title was given to all bishops. The Greek emperors also were addressed under the title of Holiness, in regard of their being anointed with holy oil at their coronation. Du Cange adds, that some of the kings of England have had the same attribute; and that the orientals have frequently refused it to the pope.