PANEAS (Coins, Pliny, Josephus), the name of a district adjoining to the spring Paneas, with a cognominal town, either enlarged and adorned, or originally built, by Philip son of Herod, and called Casarea by Josephus, and in St Matthew, Casarea of Philip; with a temple erected to Augustus his benefactor, who conferred the Trachonitis upon him (Coin). It was afterwards called Neronias, in honour of Nero (Josephus).