ORANGE, a city, and capital of a province of the same name, united to Dauphiny, with a university and a bishop's see, suffragan of Arles. It is seated in a fine large plain, watered by a vast number of little rivulets on the east side of the river Rhone, and in the department of Vaucluse. It is a very large ancient place, and was considerable in the time of the Romans, who adorned it with several buildings, of which there are still some ruins left, particularly of an amphitheatre, and a triumphal arch which is almost entire, dedicated to Marius. The town contained 7270 inhabitants in 1800. The wall was in 1682 entirely demolished by order of Louis XIV, and the inhabitants were exposed to the fury of the soldiers. The town was restored to King William by the treaty of Ryswick; but after his death the French took it again, and expelled the Protestant inhabitants. By the treaty of Utrecht it was confirmed to the crown of France, though the title is still retained in the house of Nassau. The title was first introduced into the family of Nassau, by the marriage of Claude de Chalons, the prince of Orange's sister, with the count of Nassau, 1530. The principality is a very small district, it being only twelve miles in length and nine in breadth, and the revenue amounts to about 5000l. a-year. The country is pleasant, and abounds with corn and fruit, but is exposed to violent winds. E. Long. 4. 49. N. Lat. 44. 9.