B R I V E S-LA-GALLARD

B R I V E S-LA-GALLARD, a town of France, in lower Limosin, now the department of Correze. It stands in a fruitful plain, opposite to an island formed by the river Correze, over which there are two handsome

bridges. Silk and cotton manufactures are established here. It is 220 miles south by west of Paris. E. Long. 1. 45. N. Lat. 45. 15.

B R I X E L L U M, in Ancient Geography, a town of Gallia Cispadana; remarkable for being the place where Otho killed himself after the battle of Bedricacum: now Bersello or Bresello, in the territory of Rhegio.

B R I X E N, THE BISHOPRIC OF, is seated in Tirol, in Germany, near the frontiers of Friuli and Carinthia, towards the east. The bishop has a vote and seat in the diet of the empire, and furnishes his contingent when any tax is laid on Tirol. The principal places are Brixen, Sertzingen, Breunec, and Leintz.

B R I X E N, the capital of the bishopric of the same name, and where the bishop commonly resides, is seated on the river Eisache, at some distance from the mountain Brenner. It is surrounded with mountains, where there are plenty of vineyards, which yield good red wine. It is a populous town; and the houses are well built, with piazzas, and are painted on the outside. The public buildings are very handsome, and there are several spacious squares. It is much frequented, on account of the mineral waters that are near it. E. Long. 11. 50. N. Lat. 46. 35.

B R I X I A, in Ancient Geography, a town of the Cenomanian in the Regio Transpadana: now Brescia, capital of the Bresciano.

B R I Z A, QUAKING-GRASS. See BOTANY INDEX.

B R I Z E, in Husbandry, denotes ground that has lain long untilled.

B R I Z E Vents, shelters used by gardeners who have not walls on the north side, to keep cold winds from damaging their beds of melons. They are inclosures about six or seven feet high, and an inch or more thick; made of straw, supported by stakes fixed into the ground, and props across on both inside and outside; and fastened together with willow-twigs, or iron wire.

B R O A C H, BROCHA (from the French broche), denotes an awl or bodkin; also a large packing-needle. A spit, in some parts of England, is called a broach; and from this word comes to pierce or broach a barrel. In Scotland, broach, broche, or brotche, is the name of an utensil which the Highlanders used, like the fibula of the Romans, to fasten their vest. It is usually made of silver, of a round figure, with a tongue crossing its diameter, to fasten the folds of the garment; sometimes with two tongues, one on each side of a cross-bar in the middle. There are preserved, in several families, ancient broches of very elegant workmanship, and richly ornamented. Some of them are inscribed with names, to which particular virtues used to be attributed; others are furnished with receptacles for relics, supposed to preserve from harm. So that these broches seem to have been worn not only for use but as amulets. One or two of this sort are figured and described by Mr Pennant, Tour in Scotland, i. 90. iii. 14. edit. 3d.

B R O A D C A S T, as opposed to the drill-husbandry, denotes the method of cultivating corn, turnips, pulse, clover, the foreign grasses, and most other field plants, that are not transplanted, by sowing them with the hand; in which method they are scattered over the ground at large, and thence said to be sown in broad-cast.

cast. This is called the old husbandry, to distinguish it from the drill, horse-hoeing, or new husbandry. See AGRICULTURE INDEX.