ALEXANDRIA, in Ancient Geography, a city of Arachosia, called also Alexandropolis, on the river Arachotus (Stephanus, Isidorus Characenus).—Another Alexandria in Gedrosia, built by Leonatus, by order of Alexander (Pliny).—A third Alexandria in Aria, situated at the lake Arias (Ptolemy); but, according to Pliny, built by Alexander on the river Arius.—A fourth in Bactriana (Pliny).—A fifth Alexandria, an inland town of Carmania (Pliny, Ptolemy, Ammian).—A sixth Alexandria, or Alexandropolis, in Sogdiana (Isidorus Characenus).—A seventh in India at the confluence of the Acesines and Indus (Arrian).—An eighth, called also Alexandretta, near the Sinus Issicus, on the confines of Syria and Cilicia, now Scanderon (see ALEXANDRETTA), the port town to Aleppo.—A ninth Alexandria of Margiana, which being demolished by the barbarians, was rebuilt by Antiochus the son of Seleucus, and called Antiochia of Syria (Pliny); watered by the river Margus, which is divided into several channels, for the purpose of watering the country which was called Zotale. The city was seventy stadia in circuit, according to Pliny; who adds, that, after the defeat of Crassus, the captives were conveyed to this place by Orodes, the king of
the Parthians.—A tenth, of the Oxiana, built on the Oxus by Alexander, on the confines of Bactria (Pliny).—An eleventh, built by Alexander at the foot of Mount Paropamisus, which was called Caucasus (Pliny, Arrian).—A twelfth Alexandria in Troas, called also Troas and Antigonia (Pliny).—A thirteenth on the Iaxartes, the boundary of Alexander's victories towards Scythia, and the last that he built on that side.