CASTILE, NEW, or THE KINGDOM OF TOLEDO, a province of Spain, bounded on the north by Old Castile, on the east by the kingdoms of Arragon and Valencia, on the south by those of Murcia and Andalusia, and on the west by the kingdom of Leon. It is divided into three parts; Argaria to the north, Mancha to the east, and Sierra to the south. Madrid is the capital. Both these provinces are very well watered with rivers, and the air is generally pure and healthy; but the land is mountainous, dry, and uncultivated, through the laziness of the inhabitants. The north part produces fruits and wine, and the south good pastures and fine wool. The population of New Castile in 1787 amounted to 949,649 persons, including 14,000 priests, monks, and nuns.