KILDARE, a town of Ireland, and capital of a county of the same name, is situated 28 miles southwest of Dublin. It is governed by a sovereign, recorder, and two portreeves. The church of Kildare was very early erected into a cathedral with episcopal jurisdiction, which dignity it retains to this day; the cathedral, however, has been for several years neglected, and at present is almost in ruins. St Brigid founded a nunnery at Kildare, which afterwards came into the possession of the regular canons of St Augustin; this saint died 1st February 523, and was interred here; but her remains were afterwards removed to the cathedral church of Down. In the year 638, Aod Dubh or Black Hugh king of Leinster, abdicated his throne, and took on him the Augustinian habit in this abbey; he was afterwards chosen abbot and bishop of Kildare, and died on the 10th May. In 756, Eilgitigin the abbot, who was also bishop of Kildare, was killed by a priest as he was celebrating mass at the altar of St Brigid; since which time no priest whatsoever was allowed to celebrate mass in that church in the presence of a bishop. In 1220 Henry de Loundres archbishop of Dublin put out the fire called inextinguishable, which had been preserved from a very early time by the nuns of St Brigid. This fire was however lighted, and continued to burn till the total suppression of monasteries. Here was also a Gray abbey on the south side of the town, erected for friars of the Franciscan order, or, as they were more generally called, Gray friars, in the year 1260, by Lord William de Vesey; but the building was completed by Gerald Fitzmaurice, Lord Ossaley. A considerable part of this building yet remains, which appears not to have been of very great extent. A house for White friars was likewise founded in this town by William de Vesey in 1290; the round tower here is 130 feet high, built of white granite to about 12 feet above the ground, and the rest of common blue stone. The pedestal of an old cross is still to be seen here; and the upper part of a cross lies near it on the ground. The number of inhabitants is stated at 36,000.