SURVEYING.

PLATE XXIV.

Fig. 1.

Geometric diagram of a quadrilateral with vertices A, B, C, and D. Diagonals AC and BD are drawn, intersecting at point O. A small circle is centered at O.

Fig. 2.

Diagram of a surveying instrument, likely a theodolite, mounted on a tripod. It shows a rectangular frame with a central point and lines extending to the corners.

Fig. 4.

Geometric diagram of a pentagon with vertices A, B, C, D, and E. Diagonals are drawn connecting non-adjacent vertices, forming a star-like pattern inside the pentagon.

Fig. 5.

Profile view diagram showing a series of points A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z connected by lines. Vertical lines drop from these points to a horizontal baseline.

Fig. 6.

Detailed surveying profile with a vertical scale on the left and a table of bearings and distances on the right. The profile shows various points and features like 'Bath. Detours' and 'Temple'.
5210
0160
50°170
50° 5' 50"N.E.
0 0
15330
15320
15330
1530
384° 50'W.
0 3
15 50
3150050
115020 30
30105020
15 5075010
254805
5041015
1513020
236° 0'N.E.
0 4
553055
20
37° 45'N.E.
0 5
5020520
1530025 50
15050
15235 50N.E.
0 2
1570055
2040010
2030025
10050 40
260° 0'N.E.
0 1

Fig. 3.

Geometric diagram of a trapezoid with vertices A, B, C, and D. Inside the trapezoid, there are two circular patterns with radiating lines, labeled 'E'.

Fig. 7.

Detailed surveying profile with a vertical scale on the left and a table of bearings and distances on the right. The profile shows various points and features like 'Bath. Detours' and 'Temple'.
177410 1
146422
10505
93052
63060
53018
011
507410 6
2194
21001
1072
1750
1550
1420h
1170
630
28040
2374j
2194
200031
186052
1840
1794i
1164
1528
1840
1150
860
190
4130h
2570g
2620f
2500
2210
2080e
1374d
1310
1510c
990b
860
A blank, aged, cream-colored page with visible water stains and discoloration.This image shows a blank, aged, cream-colored page, likely an endpaper or flyleaf from an old book. The paper has a slightly textured appearance and shows signs of wear, including several prominent water stains and discolorations. A large, irregular brown stain is visible in the lower-left quadrant, and smaller, more scattered spots are present throughout the page. The overall tone is a warm, off-white or light cream.

Fig. 8.

SURVEYING.

Fig. 9.

PLATE XXVI.

Fig. 8: A survey map showing a large, irregularly shaped land area divided into several rectangular sections. The sections are filled with different patterns: some are hatched with diagonal lines, some are solid dark grey, and others have horizontal lines. A small cluster of buildings is located in one of the hatched sections. A north arrow is positioned to the right of the main area. The map is labeled with letters 'A' through 'F' at various points along the boundaries.
Fig. 9: A survey map showing a large, irregularly shaped land area divided into numerous small, irregular polygons. The polygons are defined by solid and dashed lines. The map is labeled with letters 'A' through 'K' at various points. A scale bar is located at the bottom right, showing a scale from 0 to 10 units.

Fig. 10.

Fig. 10: A survey map showing a large, irregularly shaped land area divided into several numbered sections (1 through 14). Section 1 is at the bottom, section 14 is at the top left, and section 11 is in the middle left. A winding river or canal is shown on the left side of the map. The map is labeled with letters 'A' through 'K' at various points. Some areas are filled with small circles or dots, possibly representing trees or specific features.
A blank, aged page with faint, illegible markings and a large, light blue rectangular smudge in the upper right corner.This image shows a blank, aged page with a light beige or cream color. There are several faint, illegible markings and smudges scattered across the surface. A prominent, large, light blue rectangular smudge is located in the upper right corner. Faint, horizontal lines and some small, brownish stains are also visible, particularly in the lower half of the page. The overall texture appears slightly grainy, characteristic of old paper.
Fig. 11.
Fig. 11: A detailed scale bar for surveying. It features a central grid with numbers 1 through 32 along the top and bottom edges. On the left, there are vertical markings for 2, 4, 6, and 8. On the right, there are horizontal markings for 2, 4, 6, and 8. The grid is used for measuring distances in units.
Fig. 12.
Fig. 12: A complex scale bar with multiple rows of numbers. The top row contains numbers from 1 to 32. Below it are several rows of numbers, some with Roman numerals (e.g., 10, 20, 30). The bottom row contains numbers from 1 to 32. The grid is used for precise measurements in surveying.
Fig. 13.
Fig. 13: A detailed site plan or map of a large rectangular area. It shows a grid of buildings, paths, and open spaces. Key points are labeled with letters: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z. The plan includes a river or canal on the right side and a road at the top.
Fig. 15.
Fig. 14.
Fig. 14 and Fig. 15: Diagrams showing surveying techniques. Fig. 14 shows a line segment AB with a perpendicular line NS at point B. Fig. 15 shows a more complex survey line with points A, B, C, and D, and perpendicular lines NS at points B and C.
Fig. 16.
Fig. 16: A diagram of a quadrilateral ABCD. A vertical line NS is shown passing through point A, representing a survey line or bearing.
Fig. 17.
Fig. 17: A diagram showing a point A with several lines radiating from it. One line is labeled NS, and others are labeled with letters like B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z.
Fig. 18.
Fig. 18: A complex survey diagram showing a network of points and lines. Points are labeled with letters A through Z and lowercase letters a through z. Lines connect these points, forming a mesh. A vertical line NS is shown at the bottom right.

PLATE XXXIII

PLATE XXXIV

Faint rectangular grid or table structure.A faint rectangular grid structure, possibly a ledger or ledger-like table, with multiple horizontal and vertical lines creating a series of small rectangular cells.
Faint rectangular grid or table structure.A faint rectangular grid structure, similar to the one above, consisting of a series of horizontal and vertical lines forming a grid of cells.
Faint grid structure with a central column of squares.A faint grid structure featuring a central column of squares, possibly representing a ledger or a similar tabular format. The grid is composed of horizontal and vertical lines.
Faint geometric diagram with lines and points.A faint geometric diagram showing a series of connected lines and points, possibly representing a complex shape or a structural framework. It includes several vertices and intersecting lines.
Faint vertical lines or a narrow structure.A faint vertical structure or a narrow rectangle, possibly a column or a section of a larger diagram. It consists of a few vertical lines and some horizontal segments.
Faint square or rectangular shape.A faint square or rectangular shape, possibly a simple geometric figure or a component of a larger diagram. It is composed of four lines meeting at right angles.
Faint geometric diagram with lines and points.A faint geometric diagram showing a series of connected lines and points, similar to the one on the left. It includes several vertices and intersecting lines, forming a complex shape.