CHARACTERS

CHARACTERS used in Algebra, see ALGEBRA, Introduction.

A. ante meridiem, before the sun comes upon the meridian.

O. or N. noon.

P.M. post meridiem, when the sun is past the meridian.

VOL. V. Part I.

£. or l. pounds sterling R^x rixdollar
p^r per, or by, p^r ann. D^t ducat
by the year, p^r cent. P. S. postscript, &c.

For the other characters used in grammar, see COMMA, COLON, SEMICOLON, &c.

S. V. Siste viator, i. e. Stop traveller.
M. S. Memoriae sacrum, i. e. Sacred to the memory.

♯ character of a sharp note; this character at the beginning of a line or space, denotes that all the notes in that line are to be taken a semitone higher than in the natural series; and the same affects all the octaves above and below, though not marked: but when prefixed to any particular note, it shows that note alone to be taken a semitone higher than it would be without such a character.

♭ or b, character of a flat note: this is the contrary to the other above; that is, a semitone lower.

♮ character of a natural note: when in a line or series of artificial notes, marked at the beginning ♮ or ♯, the natural note happens to be required, it is denoted by this character.

♭ character of the treble clef.

♭ character of the mean clef.

♭ bass clef.

$\backslash frac\{1\}\{2\}$ or $\backslash frac\{2\}\{4\}$, characters of common double time, signifying the measure of two crotchets to be equal to two notes, of which four make a semibreve.

♩♩♩ characters that distinguish the movements of common time, the first implying slow, the second quick, and the third very quick.

$\backslash frac\{1\}\{3\}$, $\backslash frac\{2\}\{3\}$, $\backslash frac\{3\}\{3\}$, $\backslash frac\{4\}\{3\}$, $\backslash frac\{5\}\{3\}$, characters of simple triple time, the measure of which is equal to three semibreves, or to three minims.

$\backslash frac\{1\}\{6\}$, $\backslash frac\{2\}\{6\}$, or $\backslash frac\{3\}\{6\}$, characters of a mixed triple time, where the measure is equal to six crotchets, or six quavers.

$\backslash frac\{1\}\{12\}$, or $\backslash frac\{2\}\{12\}$, or $\backslash frac\{3\}\{12\}$, or $\backslash frac\{4\}\{12\}$, or $\backslash frac\{5\}\{12\}$, characters of compound triple time.

$\backslash frac\{1\}\{24\}$, $\backslash frac\{2\}\{24\}$, $\backslash frac\{3\}\{24\}$, or $\backslash frac\{4\}\{24\}$, or $\backslash frac\{5\}\{24\}$, characters of that species of triple time called the measure of twelve times.