CARDINAL has also been applied to secular officers. Thus, the prime ministers in the court of the emperor Theodosius, are called cardinales. Cassiodorus, lib. vii. formul. 31. makes mention of the cardinal prince of the city of Rome; and in the list of officers of the duke of Bretagne, in 1447, we meet with one Roul de Thorel, cardinal of Quillart, chancellor, and servant of the viscount de Rohan: which shows it to have been an inferior quality.