THEMISTOCLES, the renowned Athenian admiral, general, and patriot, who gained the battle of Salamis against the Persians. Being banished his country by his ungrateful fellow-citizens, he fled to Artaxerxes king of Persia: but, in order to avoid taking up arms against his country, he slew himself, 464 B. C. See ATTICA, no 76, et seq.