LUXEMBURG, the duchy of, is one of the 17 provinces of the Netherlands. It is bounded on the east by the archbishopric of Treves; on the south by Lorraine; on the west, partly by Champagne, and partly by the bishopric of Liege, which likewise, with part of Limburg, bound it on the north. It lies in the forest of Ardenne, which is one of the most famous in Europe. In some places it is covered with mountains and woods, and in general it is fertile in corn and wine; and here are a great number of iron mines. The principal rivers are the Moselle, the Sauer, the Ouer, and the Semoy. It belongs partly to the house of Austria, and partly to the French; and Thionville is the capital of the French part.