DIUM, in Ancient Geography, a town of Chalcidice in Macedonia, near Mount Athos. Also a promontory of Crete, on the north side of the island.—A third Dium, a promontory of Euboea; or a town of that name in Euboea, near the promontory Ceneum, on the north-west side of the island, called also Diu.—A fourth Dium in Pieria of Macedonia, on the west side of the Sinus Thermaicus. Strabo and Livy place it on the borders of Pieria to the south, at the foot of Mount Olympus towards Theffaly. That it was a
splendid city, appears from Polybius; who relates, that its gymnasium and walls were overthrown by the Aetolians. From which overthrow, however, it again recovered, Alexander adding new splendour to it, by the brass statues cast by Lyfippus, and erected there in memory of the slain at the Granicus: an ornament which was continued down to the time of the Romans; who made it a colony, called Dienfis.—A fifth Dium beyond Jordan, near Pella in the Perea.