LIPES, a province of Bolivia, or Upper Peru, in the department of Potosi, about sixty leagues long from north-west to south-east, and twenty in breadth. It was formerly a place of great wealth, possessing a considerable number of valuable mines; but many of them have been abandoned on account of the breaking in of water. It has still two mines of gold, one of silver, and one of copper; together with mines of red and white copper, the strata of which are intermixed with gold, silver, iron, and loadstone. The climate is generally cold, and the land unfruitful; but there are particular parts where it is good, and vegetation considerable. Cattle are found in great abundance, inhabiting that part of the chain of the Andes which intersects the province. There are also great numbers of birds.