LYCÆUM, Λυκειον, in Antiquity, the name of a celebrated school or academy at Athens, where Aristotle explained his philosophy. The place was composed of porticos and trees planted in the quincunx form, where the philosophers disputed walking. Hence the philosophy of the Lycæum is used to signify the philosophy of Aristotle, or the peripatetic philosophy. Suidas observes, that the Ly-
cæum took its name from its having been originally a temple of Apollo Lyceus, or rather a portico or gallery built by Lyceus, son of Apollo; but others state that it had been built either by Pisistratus or by Pericles.