DANUBE, Lower, one of the circles into which the kingdom of Bavaria is divided. It is composed of part of the ancient dukedom of Bavaria, with the addition of the secularized principality of Passau and the county of Neuberg. It extends over 4340 square miles, or 2,777,600 English acres. The inhabitants amount to 355,546, in twelve cities, forty-six market-towns, and 2048 villages, besides hamlets and scattered farms. The river Danube passes through the circle from west to east. On the south side of that river the country is mountainous and sterile, but on the north it is more level, better cultivated, and moderately productive of corn. It produces some wine, much common fruit, and abundance of wood and potashes. As the rivers Danube, Isar, and Inn are navigable, the surplus produce is mostly conveyed to the Austrian dominions.