SEA-LIGHTS

SEA-LIGHTS. PLATE CCCCXLII. Fig. 1Section of Cata-dioptric light. Section of Revolving Cataoptric light. Section of Eddystone Lighthouse. Fig. 2. Plan of Revolving Cataoptric light. Elevation of Corduan Lighthouse. Section of Bell-Rock Lighthouse. Fig. 3. Temporary Wooden Barrack. Fig. 4. Sea Light and Lampapparatus. Section. Sea Light and Lampapparatus. Section. Sea Light and Lampapparatus. Section. Fig. 8. Sea Light and Lampapparatus. Section. Sea Light and Lampapparatus. Section. Under Hood's Bellows. Reflector and Lampwith shading apparatus. Fig. 9. Parabolic Reflector and Lampwith shading apparatus. — Section. Fig. 8. Reflector and Lamp Fig. 7. Revolving dioptric light of first orderSection. Fig. 1. Plan. Fig. 2. Annular Lens. Fig. 6. Plan. Fixed dioptric light of first order with mirrorsSection. Fig. 3. Plan. Fig. 4. Bonnier Marcet's Reflector. Fig. 5. cartia. Pseudopus Durellii. Python. Python. Amphisbœna fuliginosa. Amphisbœna. Head of Python Schneideri. Head of Erpion tentaculatus. Head of Dendrophis liocercus. Dryophis nasuta. Crotalus durissus. Boa constrictor. Crotalus durissus. Dryophis nasuta. Boa constrictor. Primary muscles. Skeleton of Coluber natrix. Crotalus horridus. Hydrophis horridus. Crotalus horridus. Crotalus horridus. Crotalus horridus. Head of Crotalus horridus. Posterior members. Dorsal vertebrae. Skeleton of Coluber natrix. 3. Cercilia bivittata. 4. Hydrophis fasciatus. 5. Python Schneideri. 6. Eryx Bengalensis. 7. Dipsas cynodon. Tail of Acanthopis. Vessels of the Eleventh Century.Harold landing in Normandy. From the Bayeux Tapestry.William, the Conqueror invading England. Norman Shipping of the Fourteenth Century... from Froussart. DRAUGHT OF HER MAJESTY'S FLEET. Dimensions. Length of Gun Deck 176 ft 4 ins. Main Deck Length of Keel for Tonnage 145 7 1/2 Quarter Deck Breadth extreme 47 10 1/2 & Forecastle Depth in Hold 14 4 Burthen in Tons 1775 3/4 Fig. 25. BODY PLAN. STERN. Fig. 24. SHEER PLAN. Fig. 26. HALF BREADTH PLAN. Scale of Feet. FRENATE VINDICTIVE. No 8 inch 65 lbs 3 ft 0 ins. in Length 32 prs 56. 9. 6. No 2, 3 prs 45. 8. 6. BOW REFERENCES. L.W.L. Load Water Line. W.L. Water Lines. M.B. Main Breadth. T.B. Top Breadth. T.S. Top side. C.D. Cutting down. Q.D. Quarter Deck. F.C.D. Forecastle Deck. U.D. Upper Deck. L.D. Lower Deck. F.P. Fore Perpendicular. A.P. After Deck. F.H. Floor Head. 1.P. 1st Porthole. 2.P. 2nd Porthole. 3.P. 3rd Porthole. LAYING OFF Fig. 26. Fig. 26. A technical drawing showing the layout of a ship's hull. The drawing is divided into two main sections: the upper part shows the 'Topside Line' and 'Topside' with various 'Breadths' (Top, Upper, Lower) and 'Heads' (Main, Fore, Stern). The lower part shows the 'Bottoms of 1st and 2nd' with 'Breadths' (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) and 'Heads' (Main, Fore, Stern). The drawing includes a grid and various lines representing the ship's structure. Fig. 27. Fig. 27. A technical drawing showing the layout of a ship's hull. The drawing is divided into two main sections: the upper part shows the 'Topside' and 'Main breadth' with various 'Breadths' (Top, Upper, Lower) and 'Heads' (Main, Fore, Stern). The lower part shows the 'Bottoms of 1st and 2nd' with 'Breadths' (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) and 'Heads' (Main, Fore, Stern). The drawing includes a grid and various lines representing the ship's structure. Fig. 29. Fig. 30. 10. It features a rectangular grid with several smaller rectangles representing rooms or sections. The drawing is very light and appears to be a pencil sketch or a faded print. There are some dark spots and stains on the paper. A faint architectural drawing of a building plan, labeled Fig. 11. It shows a rectangular grid with several smaller rectangles. The drawing is very light and appears to be a pencil sketch or a faded print. There are some dark spots and stains on the paper. A faint architectural drawing of a building plan, located at the top of the right page. It shows a rectangular grid with several smaller rectangles. The drawing is very light and appears to be a pencil sketch or a faded print. There are some dark spots and stains on the paper. A faint architectural drawing of a building plan, located at the bottom of the right page. It shows a rectangular grid with several smaller rectangles. The drawing is very light and appears to be a pencil sketch or a faded print. There are some dark spots and stains on the paper. LAYING OFF. Fig. 31 Plan of the Transoms. Fig. 32 Fig. 33 Fig. 35 Old Plan. Midship Sections, showing Plans of T. Fig. 34 References. F. Floor 1. 1st Plank 2. 2nd Pl. 3. 3rd Pl. 4. 4th Pl. T. Tempter L.P. Lengthening Piece C.S. Cross Spall S. Shores Fig. 37.Lang's Safety Keel. Fig. 39. Fig. 40. Timbering Ships. Modern Plan. Fig. 36 References. L.P. Lengthening Piece. Fig. 38Edley's Beam. Made Floor with Stopping Pieces. Fig. 41. Fig. 42. b. Iron Knee under Beam. c. Plate Knee. d. Robert's Plate Knee. e. Wooden Hanging Knee. f. Wooden Standard Knee. g. Plan or Hanging & Lodge's Knee. h. T. plate Knee. i. Modern Forked Knee. j. Modern Side cast Knee. k. Seppings's Forked Knee and Jack. l. Side Plate. This technical drawing illustrates the hull structure of a ship, likely a traditional sailing vessel. The drawing shows a cross-section of the hull, revealing the internal wooden framework. The hull is constructed from several large, curved planks. The internal structure consists of a series of horizontal wooden beams (keels or ribs) that support the hull. Several diagonal wooden beams (strakes) are shown crossing the horizontal ones, providing additional structural strength. The drawing is a detailed line drawing, showing the intricate joinery and the overall shape of the hull. The hull is shown in a side profile, with the bow on the left and the stern on the right. The internal structure is visible through the hull, showing the arrangement of the wooden beams and the overall shape of the vessel. This technical drawing illustrates the hull structure of a ship, likely a traditional sailing vessel. The drawing shows a cross-section of the hull, revealing the internal wooden framework. The hull is constructed from several large, curved planks. The internal structure is more complex than the one above, featuring a dense network of diagonal wooden beams (strakes) that cross the horizontal ones, creating a lattice pattern. This complex arrangement of beams suggests a more robust or specialized hull design. The drawing is a detailed line drawing, showing the intricate joinery and the overall shape of the hull. The hull is shown in a side profile, with the bow on the left and the stern on the right. The internal structure is visible through the hull, showing the arrangement of the wooden beams and the overall shape of the vessel. SHIP BUILDING. PLATE CCCLII. General View of a Ship under the 18th Division of Building.This technical drawing, labeled 'General View of a Ship under the 18th Division of Building', shows a side profile of a ship's hull. The hull is constructed from horizontal wooden planks. A complex system of internal wooden ribs and longitudinal beams is visible, supporting the structure. The drawing is a detailed line illustration. General View of a Ship at 24 Hours, 18th Division of Building.This technical drawing, labeled 'General View of a Ship at 24 Hours, 18th Division of Building', shows a side profile of a ship's hull. The hull is constructed from horizontal wooden planks. A complex system of internal wooden ribs and longitudinal beams is visible, supporting the structure. The drawing is a detailed line illustration. This technical drawing shows a detailed view of the upper part of a ship's hull. It illustrates the arrangement of wooden planks and the structural ribs. The drawing is a detailed line illustration. This technical drawing shows a detailed view of the lower part of a ship's hull. It illustrates the arrangement of wooden planks and the structural ribs. The drawing is a detailed line illustration. This technical drawing illustrates the hull structure of a ship, likely a sailing vessel. The drawing shows a cross-section of the hull, revealing the internal framework. The hull is composed of numerous horizontal planks, which are held together by a series of vertical longitudinal ribs. The planks are arranged in a regular, parallel pattern. The hull is shown in a curved, upward-facing position, suggesting it is being built or repaired. The drawing is a detailed line drawing, showing the intricate details of the ship's construction. The hull is shown in a curved, upward-facing position, suggesting it is being built or repaired. The drawing is a detailed line drawing, showing the intricate details of the ship's construction. This technical drawing illustrates the hull structure of a ship, likely a sailing vessel. The drawing shows a cross-section of the hull, revealing the internal framework. The hull is composed of numerous horizontal planks, which are held together by a series of vertical longitudinal ribs. The planks are arranged in a regular, parallel pattern. The hull is shown in a curved, upward-facing position, suggesting it is being built or repaired. The drawing is a detailed line drawing, showing the intricate details of the ship's construction. The hull is shown in a curved, upward-facing position, suggesting it is being built or repaired. The drawing is a detailed line drawing, showing the intricate details of the ship's construction. Traditional Section of a Ship, according to the Old System of Building. Fig. 47. A detailed technical drawing of a ship's hull in cross-section, illustrating the traditional method of construction. The drawing shows the internal structure of the hull, including the keel, ribs, and the complex arrangement of wooden beams and planks. The hull is shown from a side-on perspective, with the bow on the right. The internal structure is composed of numerous horizontal and diagonal wooden members, creating a dense framework. The hull is shown in a state of being under construction, with the planks and beams clearly visible. The drawing is a fine-line engraving, typical of 19th-century technical illustrations. Traditional Section of a Ship, on Sir Robert Simpson's Dog-nad System. Fig. 48. A detailed technical drawing of a ship's hull in cross-section, illustrating the Simpson system of shipbuilding. This system is characterized by the use of a series of horizontal ribs and a complex network of diagonal and vertical beams. The hull is shown from a side-on perspective, with the bow on the right. The internal structure is composed of numerous horizontal and diagonal wooden members, creating a dense framework. The hull is shown in a state of being under construction, with the planks and beams clearly visible. The drawing is a fine-line engraving, typical of 19th-century technical illustrations. 49. The drawing shows a side elevation of the hull with a series of horizontal timbers. Small 'X' marks are placed on several of these timbers. To the right, a plan view of the hull is shown, illustrating the 'modern system of diagonal bracing with iron plates'. This plan shows a grid of vertical and horizontal timbers, with diagonal braces crossing them. The drawing is signed 'J. A. Smith, Architect' in the bottom right corner. Fig. 50. Disposition of the Timbers of aFrench Line of Battle Ship. A technical drawing showing the timber arrangement of a French line of battle ship, labeled Fig. 50. The drawing is a side elevation of the hull, showing a series of horizontal timbers. The arrangement of the timbers is more complex than in Fig. 49, with some timbers being longer than others and some being offset. The drawing is signed 'J. A. Smith, Architect' in the bottom right corner. Fig. 58 Fig. 52. Fig. 51. Fig. 46 Fig. 45. Fig. 44 Four Strakes Anchor Stock Two Strakes Top and Butt Five Strakes Plain edge Fig. 33 Double Bridge Double & single Bridge Double Bridge Fig. 58. Fig. 52. Fig. 51. Fig. 46. Fig. 45. Fig. 44. Four Strakes Anchor Stock Two Strakes Top and Butt Five Strakes Plain edge Fig. 53. Fig. 54. Fig. 55. Fig. 56. Fig. 43. Modern Elliptical Stern. Circular Stern. This technical drawing illustrates the timbering patterns for a modern elliptical stern. It features a vertical line labeled 'Hypotenuse' and several horizontal lines labeled 'Q.D.S.B.', 'U.D.S.', 'G.D.S.', 'L.L.', 'W.L.', and 'W.L.'. The timbering consists of numerous diagonal lines representing the strakes, which are arranged in a way that follows the elliptical shape of the stern. This technical drawing illustrates the timbering patterns for a circular stern. It features a vertical line labeled 'Hypotenuse' and several horizontal lines labeled 'Q.D.S.B.', 'U.D.S.', 'G.D.S.', 'L.L.', 'W.L.', and 'W.L.'. The timbering consists of numerous diagonal lines representing the strakes, which are arranged in a way that follows the circular shape of the stern. This technical drawing illustrates the timbering patterns for a modern elliptical stern. It features a vertical line labeled 'Hypotenuse' and several horizontal lines labeled 'G.D.S.', 'U.D.S.', 'Q.D.S.', and 'P.H.S.'. The bottom of the drawing is labeled with 'W.L.', 'Q.D.S.', 'U.D.S.', '34', '32', and '30'. This technical drawing illustrates the timbering patterns for a circular stern. It features a vertical line labeled 'Hypotenuse' and several horizontal lines labeled 'G.D.S.', 'U.D.S.', 'Q.D.S.', and 'P.H.S.'. The bottom of the drawing is labeled with 'W.L.', 'Q.D.S.', 'U.D.S.', '34', '32', and '30'. Conic & Elliptical Stems. Square Stern Reference. S.C.T. Side Counter Timber W.T. Wing Transom P.T. Piloting Do D.T. Dock Do 1 Transom No 1 2 Do No 2 3 Do No 3 4 Do No 4 5 Do No 5 6 Do No 6 S.T. Stern Timbers F.P. Fashion Piece The person is positioned in the center, surrounded by trees and a body of water. The scene is rendered in a soft, painterly style with muted colors. SCENE IN THE COUNTRY A faded illustration showing two deer in a landscape. One deer in the foreground has large, branching antlers. The other deer is slightly behind it. They are standing near a body of water, with trees and a distant structure in the background. SCENE IN THE COUNTRY The dog on the left is a short-haired breed with black and white speckles. The dog on the right is a longer-haired breed, also with black and white markings. In the background, a hunter wearing a cap and a long coat stands on a rocky ridge, holding a rifle. Another person is partially visible behind him. The landscape is hilly and rendered in a soft, shaded style. GROUSE SHOOTING. An oval-framed illustration of two red deer in a mountainous landscape. The deer on the left is in the foreground, facing right, with large, multi-tined antlers. The deer on the right is further back, facing left, also with antlers. They are standing on a rocky slope near a small pool of water. The background features a range of rugged, snow-capped mountains under a pale sky. RED DEER. WHITETARAN. SNOWTARAN. SNOWTAR. STRAUSS. The diagram illustrates a complex industrial apparatus for smelting iron, divided into two main figures: Fig. 1 and Fig. 2. Fig. 1: This figure shows a horizontal arrangement of components. At the top is a Plan view of a furnace with a central chamber (A) and side chambers (B, C, D). Below it is a Long Section showing the internal structure of the furnace, including a central chamber (A) and side chambers (B, C, D). To the right is a Transverse Section showing the internal structure of the furnace, including a central chamber (A) and side chambers (B, C, D). A central circular element, labeled 'F', is positioned between the two figures. Fig. 2: This figure shows a different arrangement of components. At the top is a Plan view of a furnace with a central chamber (A) and side chambers (B, C, D). Below it is a Long Section showing the internal structure of the furnace, including a central chamber (A) and side chambers (B, C, D). To the right is a Transverse Section showing the internal structure of the furnace, including a central chamber (A) and side chambers (B, C, D). Fig. 3: This figure shows a different arrangement of components. At the top is a Long Section showing the internal structure of the furnace, including a central chamber (A) and side chambers (B, C, D). To the right is a Transverse Section showing the internal structure of the furnace, including a central chamber (A) and side chambers (B, C, D). Details of heating pipes: This section shows a cross-section of a heating pipe, labeled 'L', and a detail of a heating pipe, labeled 'M'. IRON BY HOT BLAST. Fig. 6. Transverse Section. Long Section. Fig. 4. Plan. Detail of heating pipes. Transverse Section. Plan. Detail of heating pipes. Fig. 5. Joint of heating pipe or lying pipe. Fig. 1. Fig. 3. Fig. 2. Fig. 4. Fig. 5. Fig. 6. Fig. 7. Fig. 8. Fig. 9. Fig. 12. Fig. 10. Fig. 11.