BRUNO, the founder of the Carthusian order of monks was born at Cologne about the year 1030. He was educated at Cologne, and afterwards at Rheims, where he became so distinguished by his learning and piety, that he was appointed to superintend the studies in all the chief schools of the diocese. Among his pupils, many afterwards became distinguished, and in the number was Pope Urban II. In 1084, after some disputes with Manasses, the archbishop of Rheims, he retired into the desert of Chartreuse, where, with six companions, he built an oratory, with cells at a little distance from each other. After a residence of six years in this spot, he went to Rome, where his old pupil Urban II., pressed him to accept the archbishopric of Reggio. He declined this honour, and withdrew into the solitudes of Calabria, where he remained with his disciples till his death in 1101. He wrote treatises on the Psalms and some of the Epistles of St Paul, but none of these works have descended to our times.