BUGARES (Bulgarii), anciently signified a kind of heretics, otherwise called Paterini, Cathari, and Albigenses. The word is formed from the French Bougres, and that from Bougria or Bulgaria, the country where they chiefly appeared. Among other errors, they held that men ought to believe no scripture but the New Testament; that baptism was not necessary to infants; that priests who were married could not be saved; and that an oath was unlawful. They were strenuously refuted by Friar Robert, a Domini-
can, who had formerly professed this heresy. They are thus mentioned by Matthew Paris, who lived in the reign of Henry III.: Circa dies autem illos invaluit heretica pravitatis eorum qui vulgariter dicuntur Paterini et Bugaros, de quorum erroribus malo tacere quam loqui.
BUGIA or BOUGIAH, a fortified seaport town of Algeria, in the regency of, and 112 miles east of, the town of Algiers. It has a very picturesque appearance, being built in the form of an amphitheatre on a bay of the Mediterranean, and encircled by a lofty chain of mountains. Its principal exports are wax, oil, and dried fruits. The European population in 1850 was 847. It was taken possession of by the French in 1833.