CADIZ, one of the three provinces into which the ancient kingdom of Seville has been divided, lying between 36. 2. and 37. 0. N. Lat., and between 5. 6. and 6. 21. W. Long. It is bounded north by Huelva and Seville, east by Malaga, south by the Straits of Gibraltar, and west by the Atlantic. The eastern part, intersected by numerous sierras, which separate it from Malaga, is rocky and sterile; the western part is more level and fertile. The only river of
any importance in the province is the Guadalete, which rises in the Sierra Ronda, and falls into the Bay of Cadiz. The climate is for the most part mild and equable, and epidemics are of less frequent occurrence in this than in most of the provinces of Spain. Its industry is chiefly occupied with agricultural produce, such as grain, fruits, wine, and olives, and with the rearing of horses, asses, mules, and pigs; but in most of the maritime towns there are considerable manufactures of coarse linen and woollen goods. Pop. (1849) 358,446.