CITHÆRON, a famous mountain, or rather a mountain range, in the south of Bœotia, separating that state from Megaris and Attica. It was very celebrated in Grecian mythology, and is frequently mentioned by the great poets of Greece, especially by Sophocles. It was on Cithæron that Actæon was changed into a stag, that Pentheus was torn to pieces by the Bacchantes whose orgies he had been watching, and that the infant Ædipus was exposed. This mountain, too, was the scene of the mystic rites of Bacchus; and the festival of the Dædalæ in honour of Juno was celebrated here.