NEWMARKET, a market-town of England, partly in the county of Cambridge, and partly in that of Suffolk, is pleasantly situated at the foot, and on the gently sloping side of a valley, 13 miles E. by N. of Cambridge, and 61 N. by E. of London. There is one principal street, about three quarters of a mile long, only partially paved, but lined with good houses, most of them modern, and many very handsome. It has a market-house, two parish churches, one of which is a fine building, Independent and Methodist churches, a national and other schools, and a savings-bank. Malt and beer are the chief manufactures. The principal importance of Newmarket, however, is derived from horse-racing, for which it is the most famous place in the country. The race-course is about 3 miles to the west of the town, and is between 4 and 5 miles in length. There is also a training ground on the slope of a hill to the south of Newmarket, and the town contains no less than fifteen training establishments for horses. Races seem to have been established here as early as the end of the sixteenth century; and soon afterwards, in the reign of James I., they became a fashionable amusement. A house was erected at Newmarket for the accommodation of that monarch, which was destroyed during the civil war, and restored in the time of Charles II. Part of it still remains, but the rest has been pulled down. Seven races are held during the year, which attract a large number of visitors. Pop. (1851) 3356.