EXCUBIÆ, in Roman Antiquity, denotes the watches
in the camp, whether by day or night. The term vigilia,
again, was restricted to the night-watches. Excubiae and
vigiliae were also applied respectively to the individuals who
performed such duty. The guards placed before the gates
were properly called stationes; and those on the ramparts
custodie. If a sentinel deserted his post he was punished
with death. See ARMY, § Roman Army.