BENEVENTO, a city of Italy, capital of a small delegation of the same name, which belongs to the States of the Church, and is bounded by the Neapolitan province of Principato Ultra. The town is surrounded by walls and defended by a castle. It is situated on a hill near the confluence of the Calore and the Sabato, 32 miles N.E. of Naples. It occupies the site of the ancient Beneventum, and is almost entirely built of the ruins of that town. Except Rome, perhaps no city can boast of so many remains of antiquity. Of these the most beautiful and perfect is the Arch of Trajan, 52 feet in height, consisting of a single arch of Parian marble of the Corinthian order, highly ornamented with basso and mezzo rilievi. See Serlio, Architettura. It is the see of an archbishop, and has a cathedral, several churches, a town-hall, diocesan seminary and library, and several hospitals. Pop. of delegation (1843) 23,910; of city 17,500.