INNSBRÜCK, or INSBRÜCK, a city of Austria, capital of the Tyrol, on the River Inn, 84 miles N.N.E. of Trient. In beauty of situation it is surpassed by few cities in Europe. It stands in the middle of the valley of the Inn, at the height of 1884 feet above the sea, and is hemmed in on both sides by mountains from 6000 to 8000 feet high. The name, Innsbrück (Inn's Bridge), is derived from a wooden bridge which crosses the river. During the War of Independence in 1809 this bridge was the centre of a bloody action, in which the peasants, under Hofer, completely routed the French. Innsbrück consists of an old and a new town, and of several suburbs. The houses are mostly in the Italian style, with flat roofs, and frequently ornamented with frescoes. Many of them have arcades below, occupied with shops. Among the public buildings the most interesting is the Franciscan church, which, among other fine works of art, contains the tomb of the emperor Maximilian I., one of the most splendid monuments of the kind in Europe. It is ornamented with twenty-four bas-reliefs, representing the principal actions of his life, and surrounded by twenty-eight colossal bronze statues of distinguished men, including the most distinguished members of the House of Austria. It contains also the mausoleum of the Archduke Charles of the Tyrol and his wife, and the grave of Hofer, surmounted by a marble statue of the hero. The palace built for Maria Theresa in 1770 is an extensive building, with gardens along the Inn, forming an agreeable promenade. Projecting in front of the Fürstenburg, the
former residence of the counts of Tyrol, is the "Golden Roof," a kind of oriel window, covered with a roof of gilt copper. The university has faculties of law, medicine, and philosophy, and had, in 1853-4, 22 professors, with 278 students. Instruction is entirely gratuitous, and there are exhibitions for students to the amount of L.1200 annually. The Ferdinandeum museum is devoted to the productions of the Tyrol, in art, literature, and natural history. The chief manufactures are silk, woollen, and cotton stuffs, leather, gloves, glass, and cutlery. Innsbruck has also an important transit trade. Pop. 15,000.