JITOMIR, or SHYOMIR, a town of West Russia, capital of the government of Volhynia, on the River Teteriv, a tributary of the Dnieper, 370 miles S.E. of Warsaw, in N. Lat. 50. 15, and E. Long. 28. 40. The buildings of the town are the governor's house, a carmelite convent, and several Greek and Roman Catholic churches. The manufactures are confined to hat-making and tanning, but there is also a considerable trade carried on in woollen, linen, and silk goods, as well as in Hungarian and Wallachian wines, tallow, and salt. Four annual fairs are held here. The population of the town is composed of Poles, Jews, Russians, and a few Wallachians. It is the see of both a Greek and Roman Catholic bishop. Pop. (1850) 17,131.