PANNINI, GIOVANNI PAOLO, an eminent Italian painter, was born at Piacenza in 1691. At Rome, where he completed his preparatory studies, he devoted his attention chiefly to the painting of architecture, and acquired great excellence in that branch of art. Although prone to make his figures too large in proportion to the buildings, and to fall into the mannerism of mixing a reddish hue in his shadows, he was unsurpassed in his management of perspective. His groups of figures were also admirable for their grace, variety, and vivacity. All these qualities were displayed with especial advantage in his picture of the "Money-Changers driven from the Temple." Pannini died in 1764.