PHILIP, the name of five kings of Spain, of whom the most noted was Philip II., who projected the conquest of England by means of the Invincible Armada, was the son of the Emperor Charles V. and of Isabella of Portugal, and was born at Valladolid on the 21st of May 1527. He became king of Naples and Sicily on his father's abdication in 1554; succeeded to the Spanish throne on the 17th January 1556; was married in succession to the Princess Mary of Portugal in 1543, to Mary, Queen of England, in 1554, to the Princess Elizabeth of France, daughter of Henry II., in 1559, and to the Archduchess Anne of Austria in 1571. This cruel bigot died at Madrid on the 13th September 1598. (For information respecting his life and career, see SPAIN.)