VOLOGDA, the capital of the above government, on the river of the same name, 110 miles N. of Jaroslav. It is divided into two parts by the river, and is a very ancient town, built for the most part of wood, except some of the more modern houses, which are of stone. It has two cathedrals and many other churches, a monastery, nunnery, several hospitals, a gymnasium, and other schools. Vologda is the seat of the civil governor, and of various public offices, and has manufactories of candles, soap, potash, bells, leather, cloth, ropes, and cordage. An active overland trade with Siberia is carried on; and large fairs are held here annually. Pop. (1856) 14,159.