KHARKOV, the capital of the above province, is situated at the confluence of the Kharkov and Lopan, in N. Lat. 49. 59., E. Long. 36. 26. The town is composed of narrow and crooked streets of wooden houses. The ramparts by which it was formerly surrounded have been converted into gardens and public promenades. It is the seat of the provincial courts, and has a cathedral, university, ecclesiastical, seminary, military academy, and other educational institutions. The university (founded in 1803) had, in 1854, 75 professors, and 457 students. It has a library of 25,000 volumes, a botanical garden, and a museum. Kharkov carries on a considerable trade, and has four great annual fairs. Pop. (1851) 24,933.