the capital of Pembrokehire, in South Wales: W. long. 5° N. lat. 51° 45′. This town sends two members to parliament.

PENAL action, in Scots law. See Law, Tit. xxx. 17.

PENANCE, a punishment, either voluntary, or imposed by authority, for the faults a person has committed. Penance is one of the seven sacraments of the Romish church. Besides fasting, alms, abstinence, and the like, which are the general conditions of penance; there are others of a more particular kind, as the repeating a certain number of Ave-maries, pater-nosters, and credos; wearing a hair-shirt, and giving one's self a certain number of stripes. In Italy and Spain it is usual to see Christians almost naked, loaded with chains and a cross, and lashing themselves at every fl. p.