a county of Ireland, bounded by Louth on the south; Lough-neagh, on the north; Tyrone and Monaghan, on the west; and Down, in part, on the east, from which it is separated by the river Newry. It is in length 32 miles, in breadth 17; and is divided into five baronies, containing about 170,620 acres. Both the air and soil are good, especially the latter, which is said to be the richest in Ireland; only there is a certain tract in it called the Fews, that is, hilly and barren. The members it sends to parliament are six, viz. two for the city of Armagh, two for the county, and two for the borough of Charlemont.

Armagh, standing near the river Kalin, gives name to the county, and is the see of the primate of all Ireland. It is said to have been founded by St Patrick in the fifth century; and in 1142, it was constituted an archbishoprick, together with Dublin, Cashel, and Tuam, by cardinal Pappyro, with the consent of the king, dukes, bishops, abbots, and states of Ireland. This Pappyro was sent into Ireland by Pope Eugenius, to reform the abuses that had crept into the church-discipline of that country. Here was anciently a famous monastery built by St Columbo, or Columbanus, about the year 610. This town was first subjected to the English by John de Courcy; but afterwards entirely destroyed by Tir Oen, or O'Neal, in Queen Elizabeth's time. However, it was afterwards recovered, rebuilt, and garrisoned by the English.