navigation, an arch of the horizon intercepted between the nearest meridian and any distinct object, either discovered by the eye, or resulting from the visual proportion; as in the first case, at 4 P.M. Cape Spada, in the isle of Candia, bore S. by W. by the compass. In the second, the longitudes and latitudes of any two places being given, and consequently the difference of latitude and longitude between them, the bearing from one to the other is discovered by the following analogy:

As the meridional difference of latitude Is to the difference of longitude; So is radius

To the tangent bearing.

Bearing is also the situation of any distant object, estimated from some part of the ship according to her position. In this sense, an object so discovered, must be either ahead, astern, abreast on the bow, or on the quarter. These bearings, therefore, which may be called mechanical, are on the beam, before the beam, abaft the beam, on the bow, on the quarter, ahead, or astern. If the ship sails with a side-wind, it alters the names of such bearings in some measure, since a distant object on the beam is then said to be to leeward or to windward; on the lee quarter or bow, and on the weather-quarter or bow.

the sea-language. When a ship sails towards the shore, before the wind, she is said to bear in with the land or harbour. To let the ship fail more before the wind, is to bear up. To put her right before the wind, is to bear round. A ship that keeps off from the land, is said to bear off. When a ship that was to windward comes under a ship's stern, and so gives her the wind, she is said to bear under her lee, &c. There is another sense of this word, in reference to the burden of a ship; for they say a ship bears, when, having too slender or lean a quarter, the wind will too deep into the water with an over-light-freight, and thereby can carry but a small quantity of goods.