a city of Ireland, in the province of Leinster, and capital of the whole kingdom, situated on the river Liffy, in W. Long. 6. 32. N. Lat. 55. 10. It is certainly a very ancient place, since we find it mentioned by Ptolemy under the name of Eblana, which he probably wrote Deblana. The Irish call it Ballyclogh, that is, "The town founded upon hurdles or piles." It is said to have been in the hands of the English as early as the days of king Edgar. We are assured, however, that it was long after, in the hands of the Danes, or some other northern Nation, who introduced fortifications and trade into this country. They certainly made choice of and esteemed it for its port, which was a very good one for any vessel then in use; use; and for this reason, and because it was but 60 miles from the coast of Wales, it came to be preferred by the English when this part of Ireland was reduced under their power. It has gradually, therefore, under the auspices of several princes, acquired almost all the advantages of which any city can boast. It is supposed to have been a bishop's see in the fifth century. The first archbishop was Gregory, in the year 1152; and the bishopric of Glendaloch was annexed to it in 1214, when Henry de Loundres, or Henry of London, was archbishop. He made it a place of strength by building the castle; which still remains the centre of the British force in this place, by the addition of barracks. An university was erected here by the authority of the Pope in 1320; but that not taking effect, queen Elizabeth, in 1591, founded and endowed Trinity college, which has continued ever since, and produced many learned men. This city is the seat of government; the lord lieutenant, lord deputy, or lords justices, residing here. Here also are kept the sovereign courts of law and equity, and the records of the kingdom; and here likewise is held the parliament. As a city or corporation, its chief magistrate is styled lord mayor, and wears a collar of SS, both bestowed by Charles II. Succeeding monarchs have confirmed these favours, and most extensive privileges have been granted to the citizens; their liberties also, or corporate jurisdiction, being very large. Besides all this, Dublin may be considered as the centre of the inland trade, and is without doubt the place of the ampest foreign commerce in the island. For the accommodation of merchants, they have a tholos or exchange; a custom-house for the receipt of the revenue; and commissioners for the management of it. The city has increased prodigiously of late. From 1682, to 1732, the number of houses were completely doubled; and the number of inhabitants is now reckoned at 150,000.—Since the introduction of large vessels that draw a great deal of water, the harbour of Dublin is but indifferent; for all along this coast, from Wexford, there lie shoals of sand, divided into the south, middle, and north grounds; and at the mouth of the harbour there is a bar, occasioned by two banks of sand, called the south and north bars, stretching from the opposite sides of the haven, upon which at high water there is no more than 17 feet, and at low water it is impossible to go over it. Besides, when the tide is out, except in two places, ships lie dry. Great pains and much money have been employed with a view to remove these inconveniences, but hitherto not with any great success; yet, notwithstanding all these obstructions, the merchants of Dublin extend their correspondence daily, and probably one half of the foreign commerce of Ireland is carried on at this port.