from εκχυμος, to pour out, or from εκχυμος, out of, and χυμος, juice. It is an effusion of humours from their respective vessels, under the integuments; or, as Paulus Aegineta says, "When the flesh is bruised by the violent collision of any object, and its small veins broken, the blood is gradually discharged from them." This blood, when collected under the skin, is called an ecchymosis, the skin in the meantime remaining entire; sometimes a tumour is formed by it, which is soft and livid, and generally without pain. If the quantity of blood is not considerable, it is usually reabsorbed; if much, it suppurates: it rarely happens that any further inconvenience follows; though, in case of a very bad habit of body, a mortification may be the result, and in such a case regard must be had thereto.