a city of England, and capital of a county of the same name, stands on the side of a hill, at the bottom of which runs the river Witham. The old Lindum of the Britons, which stood on the top of the hill, as appears from the vestiges of a rampart, and deep ditches still remaining, was taken and demolished by the Saxons; who built a town upon the south side of the hill down to the river-side, which was several times taken by the Danes, and as often retaken by the Saxons. In Edward the Confessor's time, it appears, from Doomsday-book, to have been a very considerable place; and in the time of the Normans, Malmesbury says, it was one of the most populous cities in England. William I. built a castle upon the summit of the hill above the town. The diocese, tho' the bishopric of Ely was taken out of it by Henry II. and those of Peterborough and Oxford by Henry VIII. is still vastly large, containing the counties of Leicester, Huntingdon, Bedford, and part of Bucks, making 1255 parishes. Though the other churches are mean, the cathedral, or minster, is a most magnificent piece of Gothic architecture. Here is a prodigious large bell, called Tom of Lincoln, which is near five ton in weight, and 23 feet in compass. The hill on which the church stands is so high, and the church itself so lofty, that it may be seen 50 miles to the north, and 30 to the south. Besides other tombs, it contains one of braes, in which are the entrails of queen Eleanor, wife to Edward I. It is said there were anciently 52 churches, which are now reduced to 13. Such is the magnificence and elevation of the cathedral, that the monks thought the sight of it must be very mortifying to the devil; whence it came to be said of one who was displeased, that he looked like the devil over Lincoln. The declivity on which the city is built being steep, the communication between the upper and lower town is very troublesome, and coaches and horses are obliged to make a compass. The little river Witham runs through the town; and on the west side forms a large pool, called, from the number of swans upon it, Swan-pool, which has a communication with the Trent by a canal, called the Saffy-dike. In the upper town, many gentlemen, besides the prebendaries and others of the clergy, have handsome houses of modern architecture. There are four charity-schools, in each of which 30 poor children are taught by clergymen's widows. It is governed by a mayor, 12 aldermen who are justices of the peace, two sheriffs, a recorder, four chamberlains, a sword-bearer, four coroners, and above 40 common-council; and has a vicontial jurisdiction 20 miles round, a privilege which no other city in England can boast of. The country round is very fertile and pleasant, and the tract called Lincoln Heath extends above 50 miles. On the downs, towards Bolston, are sometimes seen those rare birds called bustards. Here are frequent horse-races, markets on Tuesday and Friday, fairs first Tuesday in April, June 24, first Friday in September, and November 17. It has given the title of earl to the family of Clinton, ever since the reign of queen Elizabeth. W. Long, 27. 1. N. Lat. 53. 16.