darnell-grass; a genus of the diynia order, belonging to the triandra clas of plants. The most remarkable species are, 1. The perennial, red darnel, or rye-grass. This is very common in roads and dry pastures. It makes excellent hay upon dry, chalky, or sandy soils. It is advantageously cultivated along with clover, and springs earlier than other grasses; thereby supplying food for cattle at a time when it is most difficult to be obtained. Cows, horses, and sheep, eat it; goats are not fond of it. 2. The temulentum, or white darnel, grows spontaneously in ploughed fields. If the seeds of this species are malted with barley, the ale soon occasions drunkenness; mixed with bread-corn, they produce but little effect unless the bread is eaten hot. Sheep are not fond of Lokman.

LOKMAN the Wise, an eminent philosopher among the Easterns. The Arabians say he was the son of Baura, the son or grandson of a sister or aunt of Job. He was an Ethiopian, and a slave for some time. It is related that he was born in the time of David, and lived till the age of the prophet Jonas. Some suppose him to have been the same with Æsop the mythologist; and indeed we find in the parables or apologues of Lokman in Arabic, many particulars that are seen in Æsop's fables; so that it is not easy to determine whether the Greek or the Arabian are the originals. He is said to have been deformed in his person; but that this defect was sufficiently made up by the perfections of his mind. Some pieces of his are extant; and he was looked upon as so excellent a person, that Mahomet has inserted a chapter of the Koran, called after his name, in which he introduces God as saying, "We heretofore bestowed wisdom on Lokman." It is related that he got his liberty on the following occasion. His master having given him a bitter melon Lollards, a religious sect which arose in Germany about the beginning of the 14th century; so called from its author Walter Lollard, who began to dogmatize in 1315.

Lollard, and his followers, rejected the sacrifice of the mass, extreme unction, and penances for sin; arguing that Christ's sufferings were sufficient. He is likewise said to have set aside baptism, as a thing of no effect; and repentance, as not absolutely necessary, &c.

—Lollard was burnt alive at Cologne, in 1322. In England, the followers of Wickliff were called, by way of reproach, Lollards, from some affinity there was between some of their tenets; though others are of opinion, that the English Lollards came from Germany. See Wicliffite. They were solemnly condemned by the archbishop of Canterbury, and the council of Oxford.

Lombard (Lambert), an eminent painter, born at Liege in 1500; who, after a diligent study of the antique at Rome, introduced that style of painting among his countrymen, instead of the Gothic. He painted history, architecture, and perspective; and though he could never altogether free himself from his national gout, he is ranked among the best painters of his time. He died in 1560.

Lombard (Peter), well known by the title of Master of the Sentences, was born at Novara in Lombardy; but being bred at Paris, he distinguished himself so much at that university, that he first had the canonry of Chartres conferred on him, was some time tutor to Philip son of Louis le Gros, and lastly obtained the see of Paris. He died in 1664. His work of the Sentences is looked on as the source of the scholastic theology of the Latin church. He wrote also Commentaries on the Psalms, and on St Paul's Epistles.